To impress his power and majesty on the Nubians, Ramses II (1304-1237 B.C.E.) had four gigantic statues of himself hewn from the mountainside, whence his unblinking stare confronted travelers as they entered Egypt from Africa. Located 40 k from the Sudan border, the great Temple of Abu Simbel epitomizes the monumentalism of the New Kingdom during its imperial heyday when Ramses waged colonial wars.
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